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279 lines
10 KiB
Plaintext
279 lines
10 KiB
Plaintext
---
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title: Built-In Modules
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introduction: >
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Sass provides many built-in modules which contain useful functions (and the
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occasional mixin). These modules can be loaded with the
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[`@use` rule](at-rules/use) like any user-defined stylesheet, and their
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functions can be called [like any other module
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member](at-rules/use#loading-members). All built-in module URLs begin with
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`sass:` to indicate that they're part of Sass itself.
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overview: true
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---
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<% content_for :before_introduction do %>
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<%= partial 'snippets/built-in-module-status' %>
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<% end %>
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<% heads_up do %>
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Before the Sass module system was introduced, all Sass functions were globally
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available at all times. Many functions still have global aliases (these are
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listed in their documentation). The Sass team discourages their use and will
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eventually deprecate them, but for now they remain available for compatibility
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with older Sass versions and with LibSass (which doesn't support the module
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system yet).
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[A few functions][] are *only* available globally even in the new module
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system, either because they have special evaluation behavior ([`if()`][]) or
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because they add extra behavior on top of built-in CSS functions ([`rgb()`][]
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and [`hsl()`][]). These will not be deprecated and can be used freely.
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[a few functions]: #global-functions
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[`if()`]: #if
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[`rgb()`]: #rgb
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[`hsl()`]: #hsl
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<% end %>
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<% example do %>
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@use "sass:color";
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.button {
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$primary-color: #6b717f;
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color: $primary-color;
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border: 1px solid color.scale($primary-color, $lightness: 20%);
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}
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===
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@use "sass:color"
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.button
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$primary-color: #6b717f
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color: $primary-color
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border: 1px solid color.scale($primary-color, $lightness: 20%)
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===
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.button {
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color: #6b717f;
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border: 1px solid #878d9a;
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}
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<% end %>
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Sass provides the following built-in modules:
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* The [`sass:math` module][] provides functions that operate on [numbers][].
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* The [`sass:string` module][] makes it easy to combine, search, or split apart
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[strings][].
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* The [`sass:color` module][] generates new [colors][] based on existing ones,
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making it easy to build color themes.
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* The [`sass:list` module][] lets you access and modify values in [lists][].
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* The [`sass:map` module][] makes it possible to look up the value associated
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with a key in a [map][], and much more.
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* The [`sass:selector` module][] provides access to Sass's powerful selector
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engine.
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* The [`sass:meta` module][] exposes the details of Sass's inner workings.
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[`sass:math` module]: modules/math
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[numbers]: values/numbers
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[`sass:string` module]: modules/string
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[strings]: values/strings
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[`sass:color` module]: modules/color
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[colors]: values/colors
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[`sass:list` module]: modules/list
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[lists]: values/lists
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[`sass:map` module]: modules/map
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[map]: values/maps
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[`sass:selector` module]: modules/selector
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[`sass:meta` module]: modules/meta
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## Global Functions
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<% function 'hsl($hue $saturation $lightness)',
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'hsl($hue $saturation $lightness / $alpha)',
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'hsl($hue, $saturation, $lightness, $alpha: 1)',
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'hsla($hue $saturation $lightness)',
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'hsla($hue $saturation $lightness / $alpha)',
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'hsla($hue, $saturation, $lightness, $alpha: 1)',
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returns: 'color' do %>
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<% impl_status dart: '1.15.0', libsass: false, ruby: false, feature: "Level 4 Syntax" do %>
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LibSass and Ruby Sass only support the following signatures:
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* `hsl($hue, $saturation, $lightness)`
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* `hsla($hue, $saturation, $lightness, $alpha)`
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Note that for these implementations, the `$alpha` argument is *required* if
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the function name `hsla()` is used, and *forbidden* if the function name
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`hsl()` is used.
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<% end %>
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<% impl_status dart: true, libsass: false, ruby: '3.7.0', feature: "Percent Alpha" do %>
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LibSass and older versions of Ruby Sass don't support alpha values specified as
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percentages.
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<% end %>
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Returns a color with the given [hue, saturation, and lightness][] and the given
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alpha channel.
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[hue, saturation, and lightness]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSL_and_HSV
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The hue is a number between `0deg` and `360deg` (inclusive). The saturation
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and lightness are numbers between `0%` and `100%` (inclusive). All these
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numbers may be [unitless][]. The alpha channel can be specified as either a
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unitless number between 0 and 1 (inclusive), or a percentage between `0%` and
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`100%` (inclusive).
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[unitless]: values/numbers#units
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<% fun_fact do %>
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You can pass [special functions][] like `calc()` or `var()` in place of any
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argument to `hsl()`. You can even use `var()` in place of multiple
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arguments, since it might be replaced by multiple values! When a color
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function is called this way, it returns an unquoted string using the same
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signature it was called with.
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[special functions]: syntax/special-functions
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<% example(autogen_css: false) do %>
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@debug hsl(210deg 100% 20% / var(--opacity)); // hsl(210deg 100% 20% / var(--opacity))
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@debug hsla(var(--peach), 20%); // hsla(var(--peach), 20%)
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===
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@debug hsl(210deg 100% 20% / var(--opacity)) // hsl(210deg 100% 20% / var(--opacity))
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@debug hsla(var(--peach), 20%) // hsla(var(--peach), 20%)
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<% end %>
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<% end %>
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<% heads_up do %>
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Sass's [special parsing rules][] for slash-separated values make it
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difficult to pass variables for `$lightness` or `$alpha` when using the
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`hsl($hue $saturation $lightness / $alpha)` signature. Consider using
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`hsl($hue, $saturation, $lightness, $alpha)` instead.
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[special parsing rules]: operators/numeric#slash-separated-values
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<% end %>
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<% example(autogen_css: false) do %>
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@debug hsl(210deg 100% 20%); // #036
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@debug hsl(34, 35%, 92%); // #f2ece4
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@debug hsl(210deg 100% 20% / 50%); // rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.5)
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@debug hsla(34, 35%, 92%, 0.2); // rgba(242, 236, 228, 0.2)
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===
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@debug hsl(210deg 100% 20%) // #036
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@debug hsl(34, 35%, 92%) // #f2ece4
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@debug hsl(210deg 100% 20% / 50%) // rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.5)
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@debug hsla(34, 35%, 92%, 0.2) // rgba(242, 236, 228, 0.2)
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<% end %>
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<% end %>
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<% function "if($condition, $if-true, $if-false)" do %>
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Returns `$if-true` if `$condition` is [truthy][], and `$if-false` otherwise.
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This function is special in that it doesn't even evaluate the argument that
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isn't returned, so it's safe to call even if the unused argument would throw an
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error.
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[truthy]: at-rules/control/if#truthiness-and-falsiness
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<% example(autogen_css: false) do %>
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@debug if(true, 10px, 15px); // 10px
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@debug if(false, 10px, 15px); // 15px
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@debug if(variable-defined($var), $var, null); // null
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===
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@debug if(true, 10px, 15px) // 10px
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@debug if(false, 10px, 15px) // 15px
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@debug if(variable-defined($var), $var, null) // null
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<% end %>
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<% end %>
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<% function 'rgb($red $green $blue)',
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'rgb($red $green $blue / $alpha)',
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'rgb($red, $green, $blue, $alpha: 1)',
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'rgb($color, $alpha)',
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'rgba($red $green $blue)',
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'rgba($red $green $blue / $alpha)',
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'rgba($red, $green, $blue, $alpha: 1)',
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'rgba($color, $alpha)',
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returns: 'color' do %>
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<% impl_status dart: '1.15.0', libsass: false, ruby: false, feature: "Level 4 Syntax" do %>
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LibSass and Ruby Sass only support the following signatures:
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* `rgb($red, $green, $blue)`
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* `rgba($red, $green, $blue, $alpha)`
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* `rgba($color, $alpha)`
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Note that for these implementations, the `$alpha` argument is *required* if
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the function name `rgba()` is used, and *forbidden* if the function name
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`rgb()` is used.
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<% end %>
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<% impl_status dart: true, libsass: false, ruby: '3.7.0', feature: "Percent Alpha" do %>
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LibSass and older versions of Ruby Sass don't support alpha values specified
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as percentages.
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<% end %>
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If `$red`, `$green`, `$blue`, and optionally `$alpha` are passed, returns a
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color with the given red, green, blue, and alpha channels.
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Each channel can be specified as either a [unitless][] number between 0 and
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255 (inclusive), or a percentage between `0%` and `100%` (inclusive). The
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alpha channel can be specified as either a unitless number between 0 and 1
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(inclusive), or a percentage between `0%` and `100%` (inclusive).
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[unitless]: values/numbers#units
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<% fun_fact do %>
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You can pass [special functions][] like `calc()` or `var()` in place of any
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argument to `rgb()`. You can even use `var()` in place of multiple
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arguments, since it might be replaced by multiple values! When a color
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function is called this way, it returns an unquoted string using the same
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signature it was called with.
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[special functions]: syntax/special-functions
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<% example(autogen_css: false) do %>
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@debug rgb(0 51 102 / var(--opacity)); // rgb(0 51 102 / var(--opacity))
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@debug rgba(var(--peach), 0.2); // rgba(var(--peach), 0.2)
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===
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@debug rgb(0 51 102 / var(--opacity)) // rgb(0 51 102 / var(--opacity))
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@debug rgba(var(--peach), 0.2) // rgba(var(--peach), 0.2)
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<% end %>
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<% end %>
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<% heads_up do %>
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Sass's [special parsing rules][] for slash-separated values make it
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difficult to pass variables for `$blue` or `$alpha` when using the
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`rgb($red $green $blue / $alpha)` signature. Consider using
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`rgb($red, $green, $blue, $alpha)` instead.
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[special parsing rules]: operators/numeric#slash-separated-values
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<% end %>
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<% example(autogen_css: false) do %>
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@debug rgb(0 51 102); // #036
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@debug rgb(95%, 92.5%, 89.5%); // #f2ece4
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@debug rgb(0 51 102 / 50%); // rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.5)
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@debug rgba(95%, 92.5%, 89.5%, 0.2); // rgba(242, 236, 228, 0.2)
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===
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@debug rgb(0 51 102) // #036
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@debug rgb(95%, 92.5%, 89.5%) // #f2ece4
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@debug rgb(0 51 102 / 50%) // rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.5)
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@debug rgba(95%, 92.5%, 89.5%, 0.2) // rgba(242, 236, 228, 0.2)
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<% end %>
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---
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If `$color` and `$alpha` are passed, this returns `$color` with the given
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`$alpha` channel instead of its original alpha channel.
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<% example(autogen_css: false) do %>
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@debug rgb(#f2ece4, 50%); // rgba(242, 236, 228, 0.5);
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@debug rgba(rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.5), 1); // #003366
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===
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@debug rgb(#f2ece4, 50%) // rgba(242, 236, 228, 0.5)
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@debug rgba(rgba(0, 51, 102, 0.5), 1) // #003366
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<% end %>
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<% end %>
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