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502f512478
See sass/sass#2744 Closes #383
242 lines
6.0 KiB
Plaintext
242 lines
6.0 KiB
Plaintext
---
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title: "@forward"
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introduction: >
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The `@forward` rule loads a Sass stylesheet and makes its [mixins](mixin),
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[functions](function), and [variables](../variables) available when your
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stylesheet is loaded with the [`@use` rule](use). It makes it possible to
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organize Sass libraries across many files, while allowing their users to load
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a single entrypoint file.
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---
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The rule is written `@forward "<url>"`. It loads the module at the given URL
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just like `@use`, but it makes the [public][] members of the loaded module
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available to users of your module as though they were defined directly in your
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module. Those members aren't available in your module, though—if you want that,
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you'll need to write a `@use` rule as well. Don't worry, it'll only load the
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module once!
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[public]: use#private-members
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If you *do* write both a `@forward` and a `@use` for the same module in the same
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file, it's always a good idea to write the `@forward` first. That way, if your
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users want to [configure the forwarded module][], that configuration will be
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applied to the `@forward` before your `@use` loads it without any configuration.
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[configure the forwarded module]: use#configuring-modules
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<% fun_fact do %>
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The `@forward` rule acts just like `@use` when it comes to a module's CSS.
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Styles from a forwarded module will be included in the compiled CSS output,
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and the module with the `@forward` can [extend][] it, even if it isn't also
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`@use`d.
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[extend]: extend
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<% end %>
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<% example do %>
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// src/_list.scss
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@mixin list-reset {
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margin: 0;
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padding: 0;
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list-style: none;
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}
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---
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// bootstrap.scss
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@forward "src/list";
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---
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// styles.scss
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@use "bootstrap";
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li {
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@include bootstrap.list-reset;
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}
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===
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// src/_list.sass
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@mixin list-reset
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margin: 0
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padding: 0
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list-style: none
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---
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// bootstrap.sass
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@forward "src/list"
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---
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// styles.sass
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@use "bootstrap"
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li
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@include bootstrap.list-reset
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===
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li {
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margin: 0;
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padding: 0;
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list-style: none;
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}
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<% end %>
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## Adding a Prefix
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Because module members are usually used with [a namespace][], short and simple
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names are usually the most readable option. But those names might not make sense
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outside the module they're defined in, so `@forward` has the option of adding an
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extra prefix to all the members it forwards.
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This is written `@forward "<url>" as <prefix>-*`, and it adds the given prefix
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to the beginning of every mixin, function, and variable name forwarded by the
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module. For example, if the module defines a member named `reset` and it's
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forwarded `as list-*`, downstream stylesheets will refer to it as `list-reset`.
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[a namespace]: use#loading-members
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<% example do %>
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// src/_list.scss
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@mixin reset {
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margin: 0;
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padding: 0;
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list-style: none;
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}
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---
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// bootstrap.scss
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@forward "src/list" as list-*;
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---
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// styles.scss
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@use "bootstrap";
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li {
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@include bootstrap.list-reset;
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}
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===
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// src/_list.sass
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@mixin reset
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margin: 0
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padding: 0
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list-style: none
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---
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// bootstrap.sass
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@forward "src/list" as list-*
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---
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// styles.sass
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@use "bootstrap"
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li
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@include bootstrap.list-reset
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===
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li {
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margin: 0;
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padding: 0;
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list-style: none;
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}
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<% end %>
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## Controlling Visibility
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Sometimes, you don't want to forward *every* member from a module. You may want
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to keep some members private so that only your package can use them, or you may
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want to require your users to load some members a different way. You can control
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exactly which members get forwarded by writing `@forward "<url>" hide
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<members...>` or `@forward "<url>" show <members...>`.
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The `hide` form means that the listed members shouldn't be forwarded, but
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everything else should. The `show` form means that *only* the named members
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should be forwarded. In both forms, you list the names of mixins, functions, or
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variables (including the `$`).
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<% example(autogen_css: false) do %>
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// src/_list.scss
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$horizontal-list-gap: 2em;
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@mixin list-reset {
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margin: 0;
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padding: 0;
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list-style: none;
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}
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@mixin list-horizontal {
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@include reset;
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li {
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display: inline-block;
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margin: {
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left: -2px;
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right: $horizontal-list-gap;
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}
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}
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}
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---
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// bootstrap.scss
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@forward "src/list" hide list-reset, $horizontal-list-gap;
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===
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// src/_list.sass
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$horizontal-list-gap: 2em
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@mixin list-reset
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margin: 0
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padding: 0
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list-style: none
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@mixin list-horizontal
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@include reset
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li
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display: inline-block
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margin:
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left: -2px
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right: $horizontal-list-gap
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---
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// bootstrap.sass
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@forward "src/list" hide list-reset, $horizontal-list-gap
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<% end %>
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## Configuring Modules
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<% impl_status dart: '1.24.0', libsass: false, ruby: false %>
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The `@forward` rule can also load a module with [configuration][]. This mostly
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works the same as it does for `@use`, with one addition: a `@forward` rule's
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configuration can use the `!default` flag in its configuration. This allows a
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module to change the defaults of an upstream stylesheet while still allowing
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downstream stylesheets to override them.
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[configuration]: use#configuring-modules
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<% example do %>
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// _library.scss
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$black: #000 !default;
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$border-radius: 0.25rem !default;
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$box-shadow: 0 0.5rem 1rem rgba($black, 0.15) !default;
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code {
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border-radius: $border-radius;
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box-shadow: $box-shadow;
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}
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---
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// _opinionated.scss
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@forward 'library' with (
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$black: #222 !default,
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$border-radius: 0.1rem !default
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);
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---
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// style.scss
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@use 'opinionated' with ($black: #333);
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===
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// _library.sass
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$black: #000 !default
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$border-radius: 0.25rem !default
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$box-shadow: 0 0.5rem 1rem rgba($black, 0.15) !default
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code
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border-radius: $border-radius
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box-shadow: $box-shadow
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---
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// _opinionated.sass
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@forward 'library' with ($black: #222 !default, $border-radius: 0.1rem !default)
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---
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// style.sass
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@use 'opinionated' with ($black: #333)
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===
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code {
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border-radius: 0.1rem;
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box-shadow: 0 0.5rem 1rem rgba(51, 51, 51, 0.15);
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}
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<% end %>
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