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psalm/docs/running_psalm/issues/TaintedTextWithQuotes.md
2021-08-05 16:39:14 -04:00

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# TaintedTextWithQuotes
Emitted when user-controlled input that can contain quotation marks can be passed into to an `echo` statement.
## Risk
This could lead to a potential Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability. Using a XSS vulnerability, an attacker could inject malicious JavaScript and execute any action JavaScript could do. Examples include:
- Stealing authentication material (e.g. cookies, JWT tokens)
- Exfiltrate sensitive information by reading the DOM
- Keylog entries on the website (e.g. fake login form)
Whether this is exploitable or not depends on a few conditions:
- Is an executable mimetype set? (e.g. `text/html`)
- Is the content served inline or as attachment? (`Content-Disposition`)
- Is the output properly sanitized? (e.g. stripping all HTML tags or having an allowlist of allowed characters)
## Example
```php
<?php
$param = strip_tags($_GET['param']);
?>
<script>
console.log('<?=$param?>')
</script>
```
Passing `');alert('injection');//` as a `GET` param here would would cause the `alert` to trigger.
## Mitigations
- Sanitize user input by using functions such as `htmlentities` with the `ENT_QUOTES` flag or use an allowlist.
- Set all cookies to `HTTPOnly`.
- Consider using Content Security Policy (CSP), to limit the risk of XSS vulnerabilities.
## Further resources
- [OWASP Wiki for Cross Site Scripting (XSS)](https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/xss/)
- [Content-Security-Policy - Web Fundamentals](https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/security/csp)